I’m afraid of black and white. It scares me to death. I avoid the black and white when I can, and run to fuzzy shades of grey, wherever they may be. Some people are generous and call me “postmodern.” Others are much less generous, but I’ll avoid the sorts of things that they say, but that’s a different story.
The things I’ve been writing lately have been written in dialogue with other people’s ideas. In that dialogue, Robert made a comment about black and white. From God’s perspective, he says, everything is black and white. That comment bothered me. I was inclined to blame it on an inherent distrust of absolutes bred by a postmodern milieu — but that was much too easy. Something else had to be going on.
I’m not sure that the comment is wrong (and notice how I couch all my language here). It is entirely possible that everything is black and white for God, that much is probably the truth. However, I still distrust absolutes. (Take note: I’m not falling into the old “the only absolute is that there are no absolutes” trap.) Why? What makes me distrust absolutes?
It’s okay for God to have access to absolutes. God is, well, God. God knows what to do with absolutes. God’s character is a character of love. God is supremely and completely equipped to deal generously with humanity and to use absolutes in the best way possible — the way that only God knows.
It’s not okay for me to have access to absolutes. I am, well, me. I have no clue what to do with absolutes. My character is a character of ignorance. I am utterly and completely unequipped to deal generously with humanity and I will use absolutes to divide and oppress — the only way that I know.
That’s the first component. I’m not God. None of us are God. None of us have access to the absolutes of God, and we wouldn’t know how to use them if we did. We have the Bible, but but I see as much grey there as I do anywhere. It’s not plausible that any of us can know how to use absolutes correctly and justly.
In light of that, absolutes become a tool to create oppressive in-groups. This is not an indictment of every single person who appeals to absolutes. However, having studied history, and thinking of personal examples, this is what the record shows. Those who believe that they have access to absolutes, and those who have the power to do so often turn those absolutes into oppressive tools. Religion has been one of the main culprits. People have found ways to use their percieved absolutes to divide “us” from “them,” and to convince themselves that they have curried God’s favor. Sometimes, it’s utterly damaging, and it leads to things like genocide. Sometimes, it’s small, and it’s exclusion on a personal level that alienates a person from some in-group based on an edict rooted in a percieved absolute.
However, it happens, the story of humanity has been a story where absolutes and black and white have been used, more often than not, for oppressive purposes. Rarely does an absolute inspire genuine self-reflection, humility, and a change for something greater (though that DEFINITELY happens). Rather, absolutes in the hands of the powerful have become entitlements to some history’s greatest crimes.
Personally, I’ve been at the sharp end of absolutes, and they’ve always been alienating and hurtful. I’ve been told that my claims to Christianity are a joke because I don’t subscribe to someone’s view of (absolutely) what a Christian must be. I’ve felt excluded from conversations because I didn’t share the same vision of what is absolutely true with other people. I feel like a stranger in the church where I grew up because of its rigid vision of what is absolutely true.
That absolutes are used to readily to divide is (obviously) the reason for my fear. If there are absolutes, and if they are God’s absolutes, the point is not to divide. The point of God’s truth is freedom (that’s what Jesus said), redemption, and life. Absolutes should set us free, not oppress and enslave. Rarely is that ever the case. My desire is not to condemn those who use absolutes. If I do that, then I’m using an absolute and guilty. I only wish to outline my own fear of black and white.
So, in light of that, allow me to deconstruct a bit.
I’ve talked several times before about meta-narratives. A meta-narrative is a “big story.” It is some group’s vision of how everyone on the planet should operate. Communism is a meta-narrative. America, right now, is attempting to force a meta-narrative onto the world. We call it “freedom” and “democracy.” Subscribing to a meta-narrative is believing that everyone in the world should accept and live by our ideas. It’s oppressive and it excludes. Everyone else’s ideas are pushed aside in the name of become just like us. It completely disrespects the will, the cultures, the ideas, and people who are not inside the meta-narrative. The Cold War, for example, was a clash of great meta-narratives. (If that’s still not clear enough, tell me, I’ll work on it.)
For many people, Christianity MUST be a meta-narrative. That’s the only way that they can read it. The Revelation, especially, must be the grandest ending to the meta-narrative, where everyone becomes a certain way (American conservative Christian, anyone?), because that’s God’s way. It turns Christianity into exclusion.
This is what we do with our absolutes. We project them back onto God, and we believe that God MUST be this way (like us), and we exclude based on that principle, rather than having a humility that admits that we are not God.
As I’ve proposed before, and inspired by Miroslav Volf, The Revelation (and eschatology in general) must be understand not as the ending, where everyone becomes just like us, but the greatest of beginnings, where how life is truly meant to be begins. The difference is astounding, and difficult to wrap my head around, much less find language for. People are not excluded, but included, regardless of their standing with the in-group. I see it reflected in the way Jesus acted. He included everyone in his in-group. Even those deemed unsuitable by the powerful Jewish in-group. Samaritans, beggars, women, little children, Roman soldiers — they were all worthy of being in Jesus’ in-group. The absolutes that Jesus knew were not a reason to exclude, but a commandment to include. Jesus’ work blurs the line that those in power had created.
That’s the long way around what freaks me out about black and white.
the meta-narrative